Chapter 5 - Organizational Structures support Strategic Initiatives


Organizational structures

  • Organizational employees must work closely together to develop strategic initiatives that create competitive advantages.
  • Ethis and security are two fundamental building blocks that organizations must base their businesses upon.
IT Roles and Responsibilities

  • Information technology is a relatively new functional area , having only been around formally for around 40 years.
  • Recent IT -related strategic position:
            = Chief Information Officer (CIO):
                -Overseas all uses of IT and ensures the strategic alignment of IT  with businesss goals
                  and objectives
                - Broad CIO functional include:
                    -Manager- ensuring the delivery of all IT projects, on time and within budget
                    -Leader - ensuring athe strategic vison of IT is in line with the strategic vison of                                     organization
                    -Communicator - Building and maintaning strong executive relationships.
                             
                                                Average CIO compesation by industry
             


                                                        What concerns CIOs the most


          = Chief Technology Officer (CTO):
              - Responsible for ensuring the throughput,speed,accuracy,avaibility, and reliability of IT
          = Chief Security Officer (CSO):
             - Responsible for ensuring the security of IT systems
          = Chief Privacy Officer (CPO):
              - Responsiblefor ensuring the ethical and legal use of information
          = Chief Knowledge Officer (CKO):
              - Responsible for collecting, maintaning and distributing the organization's knowledge

                                          Skills pivotal for success in executive IT rolesE

#The Gap Between Business Personnel and IT Personnel 
  • Business Personnel possess expertise in functional areas such as marketing, accounting, and sales
  • IT Personnel have the technological expertise
  • This typically causes a communications gap between the business personnel and IT personnel.
#Improving Communications
  • Business personnel must seek to increase their understanding of IT
  • IT personnel must seek to increase their understanding of business
  • It is the responsibility of CIO to ensure effective communication between business personnel and IT personnel
# Organizational Fundamentals - Ethics and Security
  • Ethics and security are two fundaental building bloks that organizations must base their businesses on to be successful
  • In recent years, such event as the Enron and Martha Stewart, along with 9/11 have shed new light on the meaning of ethics and security

ETHICS
  • Ethics - the principles and standards that guide our behavior toward other people
  • Privacy is a major ethical issue
           - Privacy - to right to be left alone when you want to be, to have control over your own                         personnel possessions, and not to be observed without your consent
  • Issues affected by technology advances
          =Intelectual property - Intagible creative work that is embodied in physical form
          =Copyright - The legal protection afforded an expression of an idea, such as a song,                                 video game, and some types of propriety documents
          =Fair use doctrine - In certain situations, it is legal to use copyright material
          =Pirated software - The unouthorized use, duplication, distribution, or sale of copyrighted                       software
          =Counterfeit software - Software that is manufactured to loook like real thing and sold as 
                such.





SECURITY
  • Organizational information is intellectual capital 
            -it must be protected
  • Information security - the protection of information from accidental or intentional misuse by persons inside or outside an organization
  • E-business automathically creates tremendous information security risks for organization





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